Necessity is the mother of the smart grid
Adam Stein | December 30, 2008
Prius battery spares ice-bound family from certain death mild discomfort
A recent ice storm left tiny Harvard, Massachusetts without power for four days. The holiday miracle that ensued will amaze and inspire you:
John Sweeney, a member of the town’s conservation-minded Heat Advisory Committee, took a characteristically green approach to powering his home during the storm… Sweeney ran his refrigerator, freezer, TV, woodstove fan, and several lights through his Prius, for three days, on roughly five gallons of gas.
“When it looked like we were going to be without power for awhile, I dug out an inverter (which takes 12v DC and creates 120v AC from it) and wired it into our Prius…These inverters are available for about $100 many places online,” he wrote.
The device allowed the engine to run every half hour, automatically charging the car battery and indirectly supplying the required power.
Although there’s nothing smart about the grid in Harvard, MA, the anecdote illustrates in miniature some of the potential of smart grid technologies. Imagine that instead of using a gasoline engine to charge the battery, Sweeney had access to clean energy generation via solar panels or a small wind turbine. Now imagine that all his neighbors also have hybrid cars with big batteries sitting in their garages.
Finally, imagine a smart grid that acts something like an electric internet, storing power in batteries when excess is generated, and drawing it back down when demand rises. Imagine those batteries and renewable energy sources linked together in a mesh, providing power not only to Sweeney but to whomever in the neighborhood happens to need it at any given moment.
Sweeney is a clever guy with some technical know-how. Twenty years ago, email was only available to clever people with technical know-how. How times change.
Image by Lisa Aciukewicz.
I'm not so sure this is a great idea just yet. Batteries have a limited usage lifetime. Unless the power companies substantially subsidize automobile propulsion batteries, the cost to PHEV owners of this additional usage could be significant.
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Great idea, but Russ' point is a concern. Does anybody know if this would void the warranty on the Prius batteries? How difficult is it to wire in a 120v inverter? I thought those batteries operated on hundreds of DC volts, not 12v.
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I'm not sure, but I also don't think this is something most people need to be doing. It's just a cute story to illustrate the possibilities that distributed generation and electrical storage open up.
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The point Russ made about battery life is a good one, and the battery companies are working on it, since cycle life is important for EVs and PHEVs to be practical. Vehicle to grid is an idea that is still years away, but the potential is huge: If the grid could tap 1 kilowatt hour each from millions of cars, that would be multiple gigawatt hours of ready reserve--enough to retire a lot of spinning reserve capacity and to prevent blackouts. See the lifecycle chart at http://www.a123systems.com/applications/plug-in-hybrid . At 2 cycles per day, 4000 cycles is about 6 years of battery life. That's a pretty good start.
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